Openness is perceived as a danger by public actors, rightly or wrongly

Some managers and agents of public administrations perceive openness as a danger: risks for the security of information systems, mistrust of the lucrative reuse of open data, privatization of added value. Others fear that data will be used against the administration: exposure of the imperfection of public action, misleading or even harmful interpretation of data. Finally, the vision of data and source codes as a heritage likely to be devalued by openness is still present, especially for some researchers.